May 19, 2012 text book on the theory of the motion of projectiles, the history, manufacture, and explosive force of gunpowder, the history of small arms, the. The law that the formation parameters of mefp such as velocity, lengthdiameter ratio and radial dispersion angle,influenced by the density and ductility of. The hornetwams is designed to operate for 30 days after emplacement and to then selfdestruct. The launching device is designed so that the ball can be launched at ground level with an initial velocity of 28 m s1 at an angle of 30 to the horizontal. As one of the toughest projectiles to defeat, efps act as a serious threat to force survivability. This method utilizes a series of several materials with an increasing density gradient, placed endtoend over 14.
Explosively formed penetrator efp and fragmenting warhead us patent 6619210. Any time of the day sometimes at night arterial routes the triggerman needs to see his target coming so he can arm the efp urban streets are less suitable for attack placement may be interrupted and higher risk of collateral overt military and security. The explosively formed penetrator or efp allowed insurgent forces to hide these weapons far from the road, better camouflaging them and. Segmented kinetic energy explosively formed penetrator. Despite the fact that explosively formed projectiles efps of the same design were fired into each recovery method, the projectiles collected using the two methods differed in shape, size. Interesting series of infographics about just what is an improvised efp. Explosively formed projectiles are taking heavy toll in iraq. Improvised explosive devices ieds small arms survey. Explosively formed projectile encyclopedia article.
Influence of liner material on formation of multiple. The law of influenced material of liner is researched by numerical simulation. A new breed of weapons employed by insurgents in iraq is causing heavy casualties to u. The platter charge should be called just that a platter charge unless there is a more specific and descriptive name. Introduction nowadays, the efp warheads are present in many systems that expect appropriate modernization andor optimization. Calculate the horizontal component of the velocity of the ball. Projectile motion e practice questions with answers. To be even more precise, explosively formed projectiles efp are weapons of war that, before hitting their target, use high explosives to alter their shape or other characteristics e. Multiple explosively formed projectiles mefp forming process is numerically simulated with different liner material,such as copper, aluminum, iron and so on. Explosively formed projectile how is explosively formed. Introduction to weapon ammunition linkedin slideshare. Segmented kinetic energy explosively formed penetrator assembly abstract a segmented, kinetic energy projectile is formed by stacking several liners in a single warhead, for effectively producing a longer penetrator capable of greatly enhancing penetration.
Gates told reporters today during a pentagon news conference. It is very important to research the velocity and morphology change of efp in their movements to improve its performance. Aug 08, 2005 explosively formed projectiles efp have been used to defeat armored vehicles for more than 30 years. Armament is a mechanism that enables warfighters to inflict damage to enemy targets to a degree that will inhibit the enemys ability to engage in the further act of warfare. Each individual liner forms a separate penetrator, so that the liners are.
In order to determine undeformed measurements for the explosively formed projectiles, five projectiles were recovered using a soft. The effects select physical parameters have on an explosively formed projectiles performance by phillip russell mulligan a thesis presented to the faculty of the graduate school of the missouri university of science and technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree master of science in explosives engineering 2011. Identifying how changes in the physical parameters of an explosively formed. As the name suggests, the effect of the explosive charge is to deform a metal plate into a slug or rod shape and accelerate it toward a target. The ultimate goal of weapon system employing an explosively formed penetrator efp is to defeat a target at the longest standoff. An explosively formed penetrator efp, also known as an explosively formed projectile, a selfforging warhead, or a selfforging fragment, is a special type of shaped charge designed to penetrate armor effectively. Improvised explosively formed projectile typical of devices deployed in iraq formation of the projectile the heat and shock wave from the detonation of the explosive projects the steel copper. Segmented kinetic energy explosively formed penetrator assembly. Moreover the relationships between time history of crater radius as well as mass of bad and the thickness of rha from 30 mm. Shaped charges and explosively formed projectiles springerlink.
The effects select physical parameters have on an explosively. An explosively formed penetrator efp, also known as an explosively formed projectile, a selfforging warhead, or a selfforging fragment, is a special type of. The energy carried by the projectile is large enough that it can often significantly damage a vehicle that it hits. Bomb attacks killed nine american troops yesterday, north of baghdad. Explosively formed projectiles efps are far more lethal than more traditional improvised explosive devices ieds said u.
Analysis of efp and single sandwich era interaction request pdf. The explosive formed penetrator efp shape charge is becoming an improvised explosive device ied that poses an extremely serious threat to armored. As the name suggests, the effect of the explosive charge is to deform a metal plate into a slug or rod shape and accelerate it. It may be constructed of conventional military explosives, such as an artillery round, attached to a detonating mechanism. The hornetwams has an antihandling feature that causes the mine to detonate when disturbed. Pdf explosively formed projectile softrecovery force. Jan 19, 2011 by confining the he in a container and shaping the exposed end, the blast wave can be focused in a specific direction. Despite the fact that explosively formed projectiles efps of the same design were fired into each recovery method, the projectiles collected using the two methods differed in shape, size, weight. Efp explosively formed projectile or explosively formed penetrator. The projectile that results from its detonation should be called the explosively formed penetrator or self forging fragment.
Heres how that played out with a device called an explosively formed penetrator. In order to do this, an efp must be aerodynamically stable so as to strike the target at a small angle of obliquity, and the decay velocity per meter of efp must be smaller at extended standoff. The main objective of an explosively formed projectile designed for underwater applications is to disintegrate the target at longer standoff distances. Pdf explosively formed projectile softrecovery force analysis. Explosively formed projectile military ordnance britannica. It is developed as an antisolid target technology in recent decades.
Analysis of the mass of behindarmor debris generated by rha. Explosively formed projectile device authorstream presentation. Engineers work to find a solution to battle against insurgents efps. The most lethal weapon americans faced in iraq the new york. Projectile motion s4p115 solve simple freefall problems using the special equations for constant acceleration. A complete round of ammunition consists of all the components necessary for one firing of the.
Other articles where explosively formed projectile is discussed. Improvised explosive device project gutenberg self. A new dissident group has claimed responsibility for the explosively formed. Explosively formed penetrators combat tech youtube. This research is intended to expand the available data on explosively formed projectile impacts and determine which, if any, of the existing equations can be used or slightly modified to predict penetration depths. An explosively formed penetrator efp, also known as an explosively formed projectile, a selfforging warhead, or a selfforging fragment, is a special type of shaped charge designed to penetrate armour effectively at standoff distances.
Improvised explosively formed projectile typical of devices deployed in iraq device construction constructed from 6 to 9 inch diameter steel pipe, one end of which is sealed with a welded. An improvised explosive device ied is a bomb constructed and deployed in ways other than in conventional military action. Explosively formed projectile efp wide angle cones and other liner shapes such as plates or dishes do not jet, but give instead an explosively formed projectile or efp. Explosively formed penetrator efp and fragmenting warhead. Furthermore, this report does not seek to explain the development history. Text book on the theory of the motion of projectiles, the. Velocity of efp changes quickly with the change of efp shape. The efp warhead was derived from the misznayschardin device,1 which consists of a right circular cylinder of explosive, with a shallow cavity in one end that is fitted with a thin metallic liner.
An explosively formed penetrator efp, also known as an explosively formed projectile, a selfforging warhead, or a selfforging fragment, is a special type of shaped charge designed to penetrate armor effectively at standoff. As the name suggests, the effect of the explosive charge is to deform a metal plate into a slug or rod. Explosively formed projectile efp protection module. Formation of explosively formed penetrator with fins and its. Explosively formed projectiles efps are used to attack armored vehicles, on the other hands the armored vehicles use explosive reactive armor era to. Impact effects of explosively formed projectiles on normal. Explosively formed projectiles efps explosively formed projectiles are often referred to as shaped charges, although this can be confusing to the technically uninitiated, because efps do not perform like the majority of more traditional highexplosive antitank heat shaped charges. An explosively formed penetrator efp, also known as an explosively formed projectile, a selfforging warhead, or a selfforging fragment, is a special type of shaped charge designed to penetrate armor effectively at standoff distances. Explosively formed projectile softrecovery force analysis. Explosivelyformed penetratorshaped charge showing the difference in. Armatec provides lightweight efp shields designed to stop explosively formed projectiles, and deliver enhanced protection to the vehicle and crew.
Army field manual 77j, mechanized infantry platoon and squad bradley. There have been three basic generations of efp, two relatively old and manual, and one recent and requiring precise electronic. Analytical and numerical method of c velocity fields for the. The explosively formed projectile efp as a standoff sea mine neutralization device article pdf available in journal of energetic materials 312. Explosively formed projectile efp is a new branch of the shaped charge technology. Study on explosively formed projectiles test system. This book has a good description of the history of. As the name suggests, the effect of the explosive charge. A model is presented to help in the design of a softcatch device for safely recovering explosively formed penetrators efps.
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